Static GK important topics Part - 1 For SSC 2026

Revise these questions in the last remaining days to get an edge over the competition

GK PYQ Drill 2025-26

268 previous-year questions from SSC CGL, CHSL, MTS, Steno, Phase 13 and Delhi Police papers.

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Who was the first Indian to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature for Geetanjali?

Rabindranath Tagore, often referred to as 'Gurudev' or the 'Bard of Bengal', created history in 1913 by becoming the first Indian and the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature. The award was given primarily for his collection of poems titled 'Gitanjali' (Song Offerings), which was originally written in Bengali and later translated into English by Tagore himself.

Which statements regarding the Dronacharya Award are correct?

Statement 1 is incorrect because the statue presented with the Dronacharya Award is made of bronze, not gold. Furthermore, the cash prize structure varies: it is ₹15 lakh for the Lifetime Category and ₹10 lakh for the Regular Category.

The 'Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship' carries a purse money of how much?

The Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship, also known as the 'Akademi Ratna', is the highest honor conferred by the Sangeet Natak Akademi without distinction of nationality, race, caste, religion, creed, or sex. It is a highly prestigious recognition restricted to a maximum of 40 living individuals at any given time.

Which Nigerian author received the 2021 PEN Pinter Prize?

The 2021 PEN Pinter Prize was awarded to Tsétsé Dangarembga. However, it is crucial to note a factual correction regarding the question text: Tsitsi Dangarembga is a celebrated author and filmmaker from Zimbabwe, not Nigeria. She is best known for her nervous conditions trilogy, including 'This Mournable Body', which was shortlisted for the Booker Prize.

The David Dixon Award is presented to whom?

The David Dixon Award is a prestigious accolade presented at the Commonwealth Games to the "Outstanding Athlete of the Games." It was instituted in 2002 in honor of David Dixon, the former Honorary Secretary of the Commonwealth Games Federation, who served for 17 years.

Which French author won Nobel in 2022?

The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2022 was awarded to the French author Annie Ernaux. She was recognized "for the courage and clinical acuity with which she uncovers the roots, estrangements and collective restraints of personal memory." Ernaux is known for her works of auto-fiction, a genre that blends autobiography with fiction, often exploring themes of sociology, class, gender, and memory.

In which year was A. P. J. Abdul Kalam honoured with the Bharat Ratna?

Dr. APJ. Abdul Kalam, famously known as the "Missile Man of India," was awarded the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian honor, in 1997.

Who among the following was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize?

Kailash Satyarthi was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014, sharing the honor with Malala Yousafzai of Pakistan. He was recognized "for his struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education." Satyarthi founded the 'Bachpan Bachao Andolan' (Save the Childhood Movement) in 1980 and has liberated thousands of children from bonded labor, trafficking, and slavery.

Amitabh Bachchan had been selected for the Dadasaheb Phalke Award for the year ____.

Legendary actor Amitabh Bachchan was honoured with the prestigious Dadasaheb Phalke Award for the year 2018. The award was presented to him in 2019 by the President of India. The Dadasaheb Phalke Award is India's highest award in the field of cinema, presented annually at the National Film Awards ceremony by the Directorate of Film Festivals.

Which Indian model was crowned Miss World in November 2017?

Manushi Chhillar made India proud by winning the Miss World 2017 pageant held in Sanya, China. She became the sixth Indian woman to win this prestigious title, bringing the crown back to India 17 years after Priyanka Chopra won it in 2000.

Who was the First Indian actress to win an international award at the 1963 Moscow International Film Festival?

Suchitra Sen was the first Indian actress to receive an award at an international film festival. She won the Best Actress award at the 3rd Moscow International Film Festival in 1963 for her performance in the Bengali film *Saat Pake Bandha'.

Who was the first Indian to be awarded the Nobel Prize?

Rabindranath Tagore was the first Indian (and the first Asian) to be awarded the Nobel Prize. He received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913. His victory was a watershed moment in colonial history, proving that literary genius was not the monopoly of the West.

Har Gobind Khorana won the Nobel Prize in which field in 1968?

Har Gobind Khorana, an Indian-American biochemist, was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1968. He shared the prize with Robert W. Holley and Marshall W. Nirenberg "for their interpretation of the genetic code and its function in protein synthesis." Khorana's groundbreaking work helped to decipher how the genetic information encoded in DNA is translated into proteins, which are the building blocks of life.

Who was the first recipient of the Best Actor at the National Film Awards?

The legendary Bengali actor Uttam Kumar was the first recipient of the Best Actor award (then called the Bharat Award) at the 15th National Film Awards in 1967. He received this honor for his performances in the films 'Antony Firingee' and *Chiriyakhana' (directed by Satyajit Ray).

Who among the following was the first female recipient of the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize?

Asima Chatterjee was the first female recipient of the prestigious Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology in 1961. She was awarded in the category of Chemical Sciences.

Who was the first woman to be awarded a Doctor of Science by an Indian University (Calcutta) in 1944?

Asima Chatterjee holds the distinction of being the first woman to be awarded a Doctor of Science (D.Sc.) degree by an Indian University. She received this doctorate from the University of Calcutta in 1944. Her illustrious career included mentorship under luminaries like Prafulla Chandra Ray and Satyendra Nath Bose.

The Arjuna Award is given for excellence in which field?

The Arjuna Award, officially known as the Arjuna Awards for Outstanding Performance in Sports and Games, is given for excellence in Sports. Instituted in 1961 by the Government of India, it is the second-highest sporting honour in India after the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award.

M.S. Subbulakshmi is the first ____ with the Bharat Ratna in 1998.

M.S. Subbulakshmi (Madurai Shanmukhavadivu Subbulakshmi) was a legendary Carnatic classical vocalist who received the Bharat Ratna in 1998, becoming the first musician ever to receive India's highest civilian honour. She was also the first Indian musician to perform at the United Nations General Assembly (1966).

Who was the first recipient of the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 1969?

Devika Rani, widely revered as the "First Lady of Indian Cinema," was formally honored as the very first recipient of the highly prestigious Dadasaheb Phalke Award when it was officially instituted by the Government of India in 1969.

In which year did Aishwarya Rai won the Miss World title representing India?

The exceptionally beautiful Aishwarya Rai proudly made global history by successfully winning the highly prestigious Miss World pageant for India exactly in the year 1994. In that exact same remarkable year, Sushmita Sen also achieved the incredible feat of winning the Miss Universe crown, making it an absolutely legendary year for Indian pageantry.

Who is the first woman to be awarded the Nobel Prize twice?

The legendary and brilliantly pioneering Polish-French physicist and chemist, Marie Curie, holds the absolutely monumental historical distinction of being not only the very first woman to ever win a Nobel Prize but also the first person universally to win it twice across two distinct scientific fields.

Who won the AutHer Awards 2023 in the Best Fiction category for the novel 'Everything the Light Touches'?

The highly celebrated Indian writer Janice Pariat proudly and deservedly won the incredibly prestigious AutHer Award 2023 strictly in the Best Fiction category for her deeply acclaimed, massive masterpiece novel 'Everything the Light Touches'.

The Maulana Abul Kalam Azad Trophy is awarded for excellence in which of the following?

The Maulana Abul Kalam Azad (MAKA) Trophy, instituted in 1956-57 by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, is a prestigious rolling trophy awarded annually to the overall top-performing University in inter-university sports tournaments in India.

Which of the following Padma award combinations is correct for the late Sharda Sinha?

Late Sharda Sinha, the legendary folk singer from Bihar famously known as the "Begum Akhtar of Mithila," was rightfully honored with the Padma Shri in 1991 and the Padma Bhushan in 2018 for her immense contribution to Maithili and Bhojpuri folk music, particularly Chhath songs.

The famous Dhyan Chand Award is given for:

The prestigious Dhyan Chand Award, named in honor of the legendary Indian hockey wizard Major Dhyan Chand, is India's highest sporting honor bestowed specifically for Lifetime Achievement in sports and games. It honors distinguished sportspersons who have contributed profoundly to sports both during their active athletic careers and post-retirement.

The Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award was renamed after which athlete?

In 2021, the Government of India officially renamed the country's highest sporting honor from the 'Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award' to the 'Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award'.

Who was the first Asian Nobel laureate in literature, known for "Gitanjali"?

Rabindranath Tagore, the legendary Bengali polymath, poet, and philosopher, achieved monumental global recognition when he won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913. He was not only the first Indian but the very first Asian to receive this prestigious honor.

Match the following awards in Column A with their correct purpose in Column B.

The correct matching is A-2, B-1, C-3. The Arjuna Award is prestigiously bestowed upon elite athletes to recognize consistently 'Outstanding Performance' and exemplary sportsmanship over four years. The Dronacharya Award is exclusively dedicated to honoring brilliant 'Coach Recognition', rewarding coaches who have successfully trained medal-winning athletes.

Which author received the 2021 JCB Prize for Literature for 'Delhi: A Soliloquy'?

The highly prestigious 2021 JCB Prize for Literature, which is India's richest literary award, was rightfully awarded to the eminent Malayalam author M. Mukundan for his brilliant novel "Delhi: A Soliloquy." The book, masterfully translated into English by Fathima E.V. and Nandakumar K., vividly chronicles the struggles and experiences of Malayali migrants living in India's capital during major historical upheavals.

In 2016, the Nobel Prize for Literature was controversially awarded to which American musician?

In a historic and debated move, the Swedish Academy awarded the 2016 Nobel Prize in Literature to American singer-songwriter Bob Dylan. He was honored "for having created new poetic expressions within the great American song tradition," making him the first musician to win the prestigious literary award.

Which Norwegian author won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2023 for his innovative plays and prose?

The 2023 Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to the acclaimed Norwegian author and playwright Jon Fosse. The Swedish Academy honored him "for his innovative plays and prose which give voice to the unsayable," recognizing his profound minimalist style, often referred to as "Fosse minimalism," in contemporary European literature.

Who was awarded Sahitya Akademi award for English in 2020 for the novel 'Requiem in Raga Janki'?

Renowned Indian author Neelum Saran Gour was profoundly honored with the highly esteemed Sahitya Akademi Award for English literature in 2023-2024 (often contextually linked to recent major English awards) for her brilliant historical fiction novel, 'Requiem in Raga Janki,' which beautifully encapsulates the vivid musical history of Allahabad.

Who is the first English language writer to become a Jnanpith laureate?

Amitav Ghosh, the globally celebrated author of literary masterpieces like "The Shadow Lines" and "The Glass Palace," broke an incredible barrier by becoming the absolute first English-language writer to be honored with the Jnanpith Award in 2018.

Which Nobel Laureate in Literature refused the prize in 1964, only for it to still be recorded in his name?

The eminent French existentialist philosopher and writer Jean-Paul Sartre was awarded the 1964 Nobel Prize in Literature. However, he voluntarily and officially declined the prestigious award, famously stating that a writer should not allow themselves to be turned into an institution.

Who was the first woman to receive Jnanpith award?

The eminent Bengali novelist and poet Ashapoorna Devi achieved a monumental literary milestone in 1976. She became the absolute first woman writer to be honored with the Jnanpith Award (India's highest literary accolade) for her profoundly captivating magnum opus, the novel 'Prothom Protishruti' (The First Promise).

Dr. Bhupen Hazarika is famously known by which of the following titles, reflecting his deep connection to the geography and spirit of Assam?

The legendary Bharat Ratna awardee, Dr. Bhupen Hazarika, was a phenomenal multi-faceted Indian playback singer, brilliant lyricist, and profound poet. Because his deeply moving, soulful musical compositions consistently resonated with the massive cultural pulse of the Northeast and the mighty river shaping it, he was universally and affectionately crowned as the "Bard of Brahmaputra.".

Who won the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913 and is considered one of India's greatest poets?

Rabindranath Tagore, the legendary Bengali polymath, poet, and philosopher, became the first non-European and the first Asian to win the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913. He was awarded this prestigious honor for his profoundly sensitive, fresh, and beautiful collection of poetry, ""Gitanjali" (Song Offerings).

"India After Gandhi" by Ramachandra Guha won the Sahitya Akademi Award in English in which year?

The acclaimed Indian historian and writer Ramachandra Guha was profoundly honored with the highly prestigious Sahitya Akademi Award for English in the year 2011.

Which author won the Sahitya Akademi Award for English for their short-story collection "Laburnum For My Head"?

The late Temsula Ao, a prominent and highly revered Naga poet, scholar, and writer, won the prestigious Sahitya Akademi Award in 2013 in the English category.

'Amartya Sen', who won the Nobel Prize, is famous in which field?

Professor Amartya Sen is a globally renowned, exceptionally brilliant Indian economist and philosopher.

Who is the Indian mathematician and statistician awarded the Abel Prize in 2007 for contributions to probability theory and the theory of large deviations?

S. R. Srinivasa Varadhan, an Indian-American mathematician, was awarded the highly prestigious Abel Prize (often called the Nobel of Mathematics) in 2007 for his fundamental and groundbreaking contributions to probability theory, specifically the creation of a unified theory of large deviations.

Who received the first Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award, India's highest sporting honor, recognizing outstanding performance and contributions to national sports achievements?

Chess Grandmaster Vishwanathan Anand was the inaugural recipient of the prestigious Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award (now renamed Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award) when it was first instituted in 1991-92. He was honored for his unparalleled dominance and achievements in global chess.

Who was the first Indian to win the Pritzker Architecture Prize, recognized globally for contributions to architecture and urban design?

Balkrishna Vithaldas Doshi (B.V. Doshi) was a legendary Indian architect and urban planner who made absolute history in 2018 by becoming the first Indian to be awarded the prestigious Pritzker Architecture Prize (considered the Nobel Prize of architecture).

This Indian poet and author received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1913 for Gitanjali, a collection of spiritual poems reflecting universal humanism. Who was he?

The legendary polymath Rabindranath Tagore made unparalleled history in 1913 by becoming the very first Asian and Indian to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Which prestigious civilian award was conferred upon M. Visvesvaraya in 1955?

Sir Mokshagundam Visvesvaraya, India's most legendary civil engineer, visionary planner, and former Diwan of Mysore, was conferred the Bharat Ratna, the highest civilian award of India,in the year 1955. He was honored for his unparalleled, monumental contributions to nation-building, including engineering the Krishna Raja Sagara dam.

Who returned the Padma Vibhushan Award protesting against the treatment of tribals during the Sardar Sarovar dam construction?

Renowned social worker Baba Amte returned his Padma Shri and Padma Vibhushan awards to the Indian government in 1991. He took this drastic step to register his strong protest against the state's treatment of the indigenous tribal populations displaced by the Sardar Sarovar Dam project on the Narmada River.

Who won the Sahitya Akademi Award (Kannada) in 1990 for the novel "Kusuma Bale"?

Devanur Mahadeva, a prominent Indian writer, novelist, and Dalit activist writing in Kannada, was awarded the prestigious Sahitya Akademi Award in 1990 for his landmark work "Kusuma Bale". The novel masterfully blends realism with myth to depict the struggles of marginalized communities.

In which language did the book Jaler Upar Pani by Swapnamay Chakrabarti win the Sahitya Akademi Award in 2023?

The acclaimed novel "Jaler Upar Pani" (Water upon Water) was authored by the prominent writer Swapnamay Chakrabarti. He was rightfully conferred the prestigious Sahitya Akademi Award for the year 2023 for this deeply engaging literary work written in the Bengali language.

In which year did Jhumpa Lahiri win the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction?

The celebrated Indian-American author Jnumpa Lahiri won the prestigious Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in the year 2000. She was awarded this high honor for her brilliant debut collection of short stories, "Interpreter of Maladies," which profoundly explored the lives of Indians and Indian Americans.

Who was the first Indian musician to receive the Bharat Ratna?

Madurai Shanmukhavadivu Subbulakshmi, the universally revered and legendary Carnatic vocalist, created enduring historical legacy in 1998 by becoming the absolute first Indian musician to be bestowed with the Bharat Ratna, the supreme civilian honor of the Republic of India.

Jasper Johns, known for his artworks featuring flags, maps, and targets, won which prestigious award in 1988?

Jasper Johns, an absolutely monumental figure in contemporary American art globally celebrated for his brilliantly textured, highly provocative depictions of ubiquitous symbols like American flags, layered maps, and concentric targets, was heavily decorated internationally.

Which language's 2024 Sahitya Akademi Award winner was the novel "Ik Hor Ashwathama" by Chaman Arora?

The Sahitya Akademi Award, established in 1954, is India's second-highest literary honor after the Jnanpith Award. It is presented annually by the National Academy of Letters under the Ministry of Culture to outstanding books across 24 languages (the 22 languages in the 8th Schedule of the Constitution plus English and Rajasthani).

Who is the author of the 2024 Sahitya Akademi-winning Kannada work "Nudigala Alivu"?

In the prestigious 2024 Sahitya Akademi Awards, the acclaimed scholar and linguist K.V. Narayana was rightfully conferred the top national literary honor for the Kannada language. He won this massive accolade for his brilliant collection of essays titled "Nudigala Alivu," which profoundly analyses the survival and deep complexities of regional languages.

For which area of research did Venkatraman Ramakrishnan receive the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2009?

In the incredibly prestigious and profoundly historic scientific year of 2009, the exceptionally brilliant, incredibly pioneering Indian-born structural biologist, Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, was proudly and deservedly awarded the absolute supreme, massive honor of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Which other scientists shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry with Venkatraman Ramakrishnan in 2009?

The 2009 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was shared equally by Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Thomas A. Steitz and Ada E. Yonath for studies of the structure and function of the ribosome.

Which novel by Khalid Jawed, awarded the JCB Prize in 2022?

In the incredibly prestigious literary year of 2022, the highly celebrated, immensely valuable, and fiercely competitive JCB Prize for Literature (which stands proudly as India's absolute richest literary award) was brilliantly awarded to the exceptionally unique and profoundly thought-provoking novel, "The Paradise of Food." This incredibly fascinating, deeply sensory, and remarkably unconventional literary masterpiece was originally authored beautifully in Urdu (as Ne'mat Khana) by the exceptionally talented writer Khalid Jawed.

Captain Vikram Batra, hero of Operation Vijay during the Kargil conflict, was posthumously awarded which gallantry award for extraordinary bravery?

Captain Vikram Batra of the 13 JAK RIF was posthumously awarded the Param Vir Chakra, India's highest and most prestigious military decoration, for his unparalleled courage and supreme sacrifice during the Kargil War (Operation Vijay) in 1999.

Which author won the Sahitya Akademi Award in Punjabi for the work "Ba Mulahaza Hoshiar" in 1976?

Narenderpal Singh was a celebrated Punjabi author and army officer who was prestigiously awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1976 for his highly controversial and deeply impactful Punjabi novel "Ba Mulahaza Hoshiar". Surjit Patar is another legendary Punjabi poet but won for a different work.

In which year was Sachin Tendulkar awarded the Bharat Ratna?

Sachin Tendulkar was conferred with the Bharat Ratna, India's highest civilian award, in 2014. He became the first and youngest sportsperson to ever receive this prestigious honor, recognizing his exceptional contribution to Indian cricket spanning over two decades.

Joysree Goswami Mahanta won the Sahitya Akademi Award for the Assamese novel "Chanakya" in which year?

Assamese author and former Member of Parliament, Joysree Goswami Mahanta, was honored with the prestigious Sahitya Akademi Award in the year 2019, She won this acclaimed literary prize for her masterfully crafted historical Assamese novel "Chanakya," which intricately explores the life, philosophy, and political statecraft of the ancient Indian polymath Kautilya.

Which of the following authors received the Sahitya Akademi Award in English for the work "Em and the Big Hoom"?

Renowned Indian author Jerry Pinto was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Award in 2016 for his deeply moving and critically acclaimed debut novel, "Em and the Big Hoom." The novel powerfully and sensitively chronicles the poignant struggles of a Goan Catholic family living in Mumbai as they cope with a mother's severe bipolar disorder and manic depression.

Name the location of the National Institute of Rehabilitation Training and Research (NIRTAR)?

The National Institute of Rehabilitation Training and Research (NIRTAR) is an autonomous body under the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities, Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment. It is located at Olatpur, PO: Bairoi, in the Cuttack district of Odisha.

Which of the following countries is NOT a member of QUAD?

The Quadrilateral Security Dialogue (QUAD) is a strategic security dialogue between the United States, India, Japan, and Australia. China is not a member; in fact, the formation of QUAD is largely seen as a strategic response to China's increasing military and economic assertiveness in the Indo-Pacific region.

Where is the BIMSTEC Secretariat located?

The permanent Secretariat of the Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) was inaugurated in Dhaka, Bangladesh, in 2014. It serves as the administrative hub for coordinating the activities of member states, which include countries dependent on the Bay of Bengal for trade and security.

Which four countries make up the Quad?

The Quad comprises four democratic nations: the USA, Japan, India, and Australia. Originally initiated in 2007 by Japanese PM Shinzo Abe, it was revived in 2017 to ensure a "free and open Indo-Pacific" and to counter potential threats to maritime security and international order in the region.

BIMSTEC stands for?

BIMSTEC stands for "Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation." It connects South Asia and Southeast Asia. The seven member countries are Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Sri Lanka, and Thailand.

Which two BRICS nations are permanent members of the UN Security Council?

The BRICS alliance consists of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. Among these, only China and Russia are permanent members of the UN Security Council (P5), holding veto power. India, Brazil, and South Africa have long campaigned for permanent seats as part of UNSC reforms.

Which QUAD country is the largest democracy in the world?

India is the largest democracy in the world by population. With over 1.4 billion people and nearly 970 million eligible voters in the 2024 general elections, its electoral scale surpasses any other nation. The USA is the oldest modern democracy, but India holds the title for the largest.

Which BRICS country is the largest by land area?

Russia is the largest country in the world by land area, covering over 17 million square kilometers. Consequently, it is also the largest member of the BRICS grouping. China is the second largest in BRICS (and 3rd/4th globally), followed by Brazil and India.

Which are the 5 countries that form part of the BRICS alliance?

The acronym BRICS stands for the association of five major emerging national economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. Originally known as BRIC before the inclusion of South Africa in 2010, the group represents significant global population and economic influence.

Which countries are members of BIMSTEC?

BIMSTEC members are countries strictly dependent on the Bay of Bengal. The seven members are Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Sri Lanka (from South Asia), and Myanmar, Thailand (from Southeast Asia). Pakistan and Maldives are not members.

Name the organization that made the Golden Quadrilateral Project connecting major cities of India feasible?

The Golden Quadrilateral is a national highway network connecting most of the major industrial, agricultural, and cultural centers of India, specifically the four metros: Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, and Chennai. The project was executed and managed by the National Highways Authority of India (NHAI) under the Ministry of Road 'Transport and Highways.

Match the following indexes with their respective publishing organizations:

Global Innovation Index is published by WIPO. Global Hunger Index is published by Concern Worldwide and Welthungerhilfe. Global Peace Index is by the Institute for Economics & Peace (IEP). HDI is published by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP).

Which city hosted the Meeting of the BRICS Ministers of Foreign Affairs on 4 June 2018?

The Meeting of the BRICS Ministers of Foreign Affairs/International Relations was held on 4 June 2018 in Pretoria, South Africa. This meeting laid the groundwork for the 10th BRICS Summit held later that year in Johannesburg. South Africa held the BRICS presidency in 2018.

The National Institute of Sports was renamed as Netaji Subhas National Institute of Sports (NSNIS) on:

The National Institute of Sports (NIS) in Patiala was established in 1961. It was renamed the Netaji Subhas National Institute of Sports (NSNIS) on 23rd January 1973, marking the birth anniversary of the freedom fighter Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose.

In which year was the Amateur Athletics Federation of India (AAFI) established?

The Amateur Athletics Federation of India (AAFI) was formed in 1946 to organize and manage athletics in India. It was later renamed the Athletics Federation of India (AFI). It is the apex body for running and managing athletics in India and is afhliated with World Athletics,.

When was the Amateur Athletics Federation of India (AAFI) established?

The AAFI was established in 1946. Professor G.D. Sondhi was its first President. It played a crucial role in preparing Indian athletes for the 1948 London Olympics, India's first Olympics as an independent nation. The federation coordinates national championships and selects athletes for international events.

The Indian Olympic Association (IOA) was officially formed in ____.

The Indian Olympic Association (IOA) was established in 1927. Sir Dorabji Tata was its founding President, and Dr. A.G. Noehren was the Secretary General. It is the body responsible for selecting athletes to represent India at the Olympic Games, Asian Games, and other international athletic meets.

What does ISRO stand for?

ISRO stands for the Jndian Space Research Organization. Established in 1969, it superseded the INCOSPAR. Headquartered in Bengaluru, ISRO is responsible for India's space program, including satellite communication, planetary exploration (Chandrayaan, Mangalyaan), and the development of launch vehicles like PSLV and GSLV.

Regarding IABF history:

The Indian Amateur Boxing Federation (LABF) was formed in 1949. All statements are historically correct. Its initial office was indeed at the Majestic Hotel in Bombay. The Bombay Presidency Amateur Boxing Federation was instrumental in its formation, and the inaugural meeting was held at the Cricket Club of India (CCI).

In which year was NADA formed?

The National Anti-Doping Agency (NADA) was established by the Government of India on 24 November 2005 as a registered society under the Societies Registration Act of 1860. It acts as the independent anti-doping organization for India, with a vision of dope-free sports.

As of 31st July 2025, which of the following country is NOT the member of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations?

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) comprises ten member states: Brunei, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Vietnam. Pakistan is located in South Asia, not Southeast Asia, and is a member of SAARC, not ASEAN.

As of 31st July 2025, which of the following is the official language of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation?

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) has two official working languages: Chinese and Russian. The SCO is a Eurasian political, economic, and security alliance. While other languages are spoken in member states, all official documents and. proceedings are conducted in these two languages.

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation was established in ____.

The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) was founded on 15 June 2001 in Shanghai. The founding members were the leaders of China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Russia, 'Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. It evolved from the "Shanghai Five" mechanism established in 1996, India and Pakistan joined later in 2017.

Which of the following statement is correct regarding Council of Ministers (COM) of Indian Ocean Rim Association?

Statement I is correct: The Council of Ministers (COM) is indeed the apex body of the IORA. Statement II is incorrect: The COM comprises the Foreign Ministers (or Ministers of External Affairs) of the member states, not the Finance Ministers.

The Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure body is associated with which of the following International Organisation?

The Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) is a permanent organ of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO). Headquartered in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, its objective is to facilitate coordination and interaction between member states in the fight against terrorism, separatism, and extremism.

As of 31st July 2025, which of the following country is the member of SAARC?

The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) comprises eight member states: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Afghanistan was the latest member to join in 2007. Iraq, UAE, and Egypt are West Asian/African nations and not part of SAARC.

As of 31st July 2025, which of the following country is the member of the Indian Ocean Rim Association?

The Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA) is an inter-governmental organization with 23 member states bordering the Indian Ocean. Both Australia and Bangladesh are prominent members, along with India, South Africa, Indonesia, etc. It promotes sustainable growth and balanced development in the region.

Which of the following country is NOT the founding member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation?

The founding members of the SCO (2001) are China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. Jrag is not a member of the SCO. India and Pakistan joined as full members in 2017, and Iran joined more recently, but Iraq is not involved in the organization.

The Indian Ocean Rim Association was established in ____.

The Indian Ocean Rim Association (IORA), originally known as the Indian Ocean Rim Initiative, was established on 6-7 March 1997. The charter was adopted in a meeting in Mauritius. It aims to strengthen regional cooperation and sustainable development within the Indian Ocean region.

The Association of Southeast Asian Nations was established in which of the following places?

ASEAN was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN Declaration (Bangkok Declaration). The founding fathers were the Foreign Ministers of Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand.

In the context of space research in India, what does "N" stands for in INCOSPAR?

INCOSPAR stands for the Indian National Committee for Space Research. It was set up by the Government of India in 1962 under the leadership of Dr. Vikram Sarabhai to formulate the Indian Space Programme. It was later superseded by ISRO in 1969.

Who among the following was the first chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation?

Dr. Vikram Ambalal Sarabhai is considered the Father of the Indian Space Programme. He was the founder and the first Chairman of ISRO when it was established in 1969. His vision and leadership laid the foundation for India's achievements in space technology and satellite development.

The headquarters of WADA are in ____.

The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) is headquartered. in Montréal, Canada. It was established in 1999 as an international independent agency to lead a collaborative worldwide movement for doping-free sport. It monitors compliance with the World Anti-Doping Code.

Which of the following country is one of the founding member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation?

The founding members of the SCO in 2001 were China, Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. India and Pakistan joined the organization later in 2017 during the Astana Summit. Iran became a full member more recently in 2023.

Which of the following countries is NOT a member of the SAARC?

Myanmar is NOT a member of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC). It is a member of ASEAN. SAARC members include Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka. Myanmar shares borders with South Asia but is politically grouped with Southeast Asia.

Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis established the ____.

Professor Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis, globally recognized as the father of modern Indian statistics, officially established the prestigious Indian Statistical Institute (ISI) in Kolkata in December 1931. He also profoundly shaped India's Second Five-Year Plan with his Mahalanobis model of rapid industrialization.

The headquarters of the Asian Development Bank is located in ____.

The Asian Development Bank (ADB), a premier regional development financial institution strategically established in 1966 to foster aggressive economic growth and harsh poverty reduction across Asia, maintains its global headquarters proudly in Mandaluyong, Metro Manila, Philippines.

After which of the following country joining, BRIC transformed into BRICS?

The original geopolitical acronym "BRIC" was coined to represent the rapidly emerging economies of Brazil, Russia, India, and China. The group held its first official summit in 2009. However, the bloc was formally expanded and thoroughly transformed into "BRICS" when South Africa was officially invited to join in December 2010.

The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank commenced its operations in ____.

The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) is a major multilateral development bank heavily headquartered in Beijing, China. It officially commenced its active financial operations globally in January 2016. Its primary strategic mission is to heavily finance and aggressively build sustainable, massive infrastructure projects across the Asia-Pacific region to foster profound economic growth.

The secretariat of SAARC was set up in ____.

The official and highly crucial secretariat (permanent administrative headquarters) of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) was formally established and strictly set up in Kathmandu, the capital city of Nepal, on January 16, 1987.

Which of the following is NOT a member of the BIMSTEC grouping?

The Maldives is a maritime nation located entirely in the Indian Ocean, not the Bay of Bengal, and therefore is not a member of BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation).

Which unique feature of BRICS distinguishes it from traditional Western economic blocs like G7?

The BRICS grouping (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, and recently added members) is distinctively unique because it specifically unites rapidly emerging, powerful economies spanning multiple different continents (Asia, Africa, South America).

Which of the following distinguishes SAARC from BIMSTEC in terms of organizational functionality?

A critical functional distinction between the two regional blocs is that SAARC (South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation) has become largely dysfunctional and paralyzed over the years primarily due to the persistent, hostile bilateral geopolitical rivalry between India and Pakistan.

BIMSTEC's relevance has grown in India's foreign policy due to WHAT?

The strategic relevance of BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation) has grown phenomenally in India's foreign policy primarily due to the virtual collapse and functional paralysis of SAARC. SAARC became dysfunctional due to the persistent geopolitical hostility and cross-border terrorism issues between India and Pakistan.

The BIMSTEC Charter emphasizes which of the following as a foundational goal?

The BIMSTEC (Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation) Charter explicitly emphasizes establishing robust regional integration among its seven littoral and adjacent member states.

The "Fortaleza Declaration of 2014" is most famous in BRICS history for the creation of which of the following?

Signed during the 6th BRICS Summit in Brazil, the Fortaleza Declaration is historically significant for establishing two major financial institutions: the New Development Bank (NDB) and the Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA). The CRA was designed to provide mutual financial support to member nations to effectively counter short-term global liquidity pressures and balance-of-payments crises.

What does the BRICS New Development Bank primarily finance?

The highly formidable New Development Bank (NDB), famously established jointly by the BRICS states (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) in 2014, operates with a highly specific, powerful institutional mandate.

What is the Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA) under BRICS designed for?

The incredibly vital BRICS Contingent Reserve Arrangement (CRA) is a massive, highly strategic financial safety net formally established by the BRICS nations via a robust treaty in 2014. Possessing a colossal $100 billion initial capital pool, its absolute primary, critical function is specifically to "offer rapid, emergency short-term liquidity support" to any member nation suddenly facing terrifying, catastrophic Balance of Payments (BOP) crises or experiencing extremely severe, volatile currency depreciation, thereby fiercely insulating them against sudden external global economic shocks.

Which international body sets the guidelines for air quality standards globally?

The World Health Organization (WHO) is the premier global health authority that rigorously establishes Air Quality Guidelines (AQGs). These scientifically formulated guidelines provide critical threshold limits for key harmful air pollutants (like PM2.5, PM10, Ozone, Nitrogen Dioxide, and Sulfur Dioxide) that pose severe health risks to humans.

Which of the following countries is not a member of the Mekong-Ganga Cooperation initiative aimed at strengthening economic, cultural, and tourism links in Asia?

The Mekong-Ganga Cooperation (MGC) is an immensely strategic sub-regional initiative firmly established in the year 2000. It strictly comprises exactly six active member nations: India along with five vital ASEAN countries (Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, and Vietnam).

What was the name of the organization that set global trade rules before the World Trade Organization (WTO)?

Before the massive inception of the World Trade Organization (WTO) in 1995, international trade was strictly governed for almost five decades by the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), signed in 1947.

The Asian Football Confederation (AFC), which governs football across Asia and Oceania, has its headquarters in which city?

The Asian Football Confederation (AFC), officially formed in 1954, is the massively powerful continental governing body responsible for systematically overseeing and aggressively promoting the sport of association football across the entirety of Asia (and Australia).

The International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF) was founded in ____.

The International Association of Athletics Federations (IAAF), currently known worldwide as 'World Athletics', was officially founded on July 17, 1912, directly following the closing ceremonies of the Olympic Games in Stockholm, Sweden.

Where was the first BRIC Summit held in 2009?

The incredibly monumental and historically ground-breaking inaugural summit of the powerful BRIC geopolitical alliance (initially comprising the massive emerging economies of Brazil, Russia, India, and China) was officially and successfully convened on June 16, 2009.

In which city did the first meeting of BRIC Foreign Ministers take place in 2006?

BRIC's first formal summit was held in Yekaterinburg, Russia in 2009, but the first meeting of its Foreign Ministers took place earlier, in 2006, on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly in New York.

In which year was the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) established?

The South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) is an immensely critical, heavily structured, and deeply impactful regional intergovernmental organization powerfully uniting the major geopolitical states of South Asia.

What does the acronym WIPO stand for?

In the incredibly complex, highly regulated, and profoundly important global legal and economic framework, the prominent acronym WIPO officially and strictly stands for the "World Intellectual Property Organization." Strongly established in 1967 and proudly headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, WIPO functions as an incredibly massive, absolutely vital, and highly specialized self-funding agency operating directly under the vast umbrella of the United Nations.

Who was the first Indian woman to preside over the UN General Assembly?

Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit, a prominent Indian diplomat and politician (and sister to Jawaharlal Nehru), made history in 1953 by becoming not only the first Indian woman but the very first woman in the world to be elected as the President of the United Nations General Assembly (eighth session).

Which organization is known for publishing the Global Peace Index, which ranks countries, including India, based on their levels of peace?

The widely cited Global Peace Index (GPI) is meticulously produced and published annually by the Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP), an independent global think tank. It ranks independent states and territories according to their level of peacefulness (absence of violence).

Which of the following best describes Transparency International's mission?

Transparency International is an independent global non-governmental organization stationed in Berlin. Its singular, dedicated mission is to actively combat global corruption and promote stringent transparency, accountability, and political integrity at all levels of society.

What is the purpose of DISHA satellites being developed by ISRO?

DISHA (Disturbed and quiet-type Ionosphere-thermosphere system at High Altitudes) is a proposed twin-satellite mission by ISRO. It aims to study the aeronomy of Earth's upper atmosphere (ionosphere and thermosphere) at high and low latitudes to understand space weather interactions.

Match the ISRO mission with its primary objective:

Chandrayaan-2 was India's second lunar mission, featuring an orbiter, lander, and rover. Aditya-L1 is India's first solar mission placed at the Lagrange Point 1 to observe the Sun's corona and chromosphere. Mangalyaan (MOM) was India's first interplanetary mission to orbit Mars.

Which of the following is the CORRECT objective of ISRO's Gaganyaan mission scheduled for launch in 2025?

The Gaganyaan mission aims to demonstrate India's human spaceflight capability. It plans to launch a crew of 3 members to an orbit of 400 km for a 3-day mission and bring them back safely to Earth by landing in Indian sea waters.

What is the primary role of the INSAT-3DS satellite launched under the GSLV-F14 mission?

INSAT-3DS is a meteorological satellite designed to provide continuity of services to existing INSAT-3D and 3DR satellites. It significantly improves weather forecasting, disaster warning, and satellite-aided search and rescue operations by monitoring Earth's surface and atmosphere.

Assertion (A): The Reusable Launch Vehicle Technology Demonstrator (RLV-TD) program by ISRO is a cornerstone for India's future reusable space access capabilities.

The RLV-TD program aims to develop technologies that can reduce the cost of access to space by allowing launch vehicles to be reused. Reason R correctly lists the specific technologies (hypersonic flight, autonomous landing) that enable this reusability, thus explaining why it is a comerstone program (A).

Consider these facts about prominent solar system bodies:

Both facts are correct. Jupiter's Great Red Spot is a massive, long-lived anticyclonic storm. Mars has two small moons, Phobos and Deimos, which are lumpy and irregular, possibly captured asteroids.

Which of these missions will put India among the select few nations having technology for reusable launch vehicles?

The RLV-LEX (Reusable Launch Vehicle Landing Experiment) missions are a seties of tests by ISRO to master the autonomous landing of a winged space vehicle. Success in these missions puts India in an elite group of nations developing reusable space planes to lower launch costs.

Which is the first private company to launch a rocket into space in India?

Skyroot Aerospace became the first private Indian company to launch a rocket into space with its 'Vikram-S' rocket in November 2022 (Mission Prarambh). This marked the entry of the private sector into India's space launch market, facilitated by IN-SPACe.

India recently became the fourth country to successfully demonstrate space docking. Which of the following countries had achieved this feat before India?

Space docking (joining two spacecraft in orbit) is a complex technology essential for building space stations. The USA, Russia (Soviet Union), and China are the only nations to have independently mastered this before India's upcoming SPADEX mission demonstrations.

Consider the following statements about the Polaris Dawn Mission and Van Allen Radiation Belts:

Statement 1 is incorrect because Van Allen Belts capture particles from cosmic rays as well, not just the sun. Polaris Dawn (SpaceX) aimed to fly higher than any crewed mission since Apollo to study radiation effects (Statement 2), and quick transit is standard safety protocol (Statement 3).

Assertion (A): India launched the South Asian Satellite (SAS) in 2017 for use by SAARC nations.

Assertion A is true: GSAT-9 (SAS) was launched as a gift to neighbors. Reason R is false: Pakistan opted out of the project, so terminals were NOT installed in 'all' SAARC countries (only Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Maldives, Sri Lanka, and Afghanistan participated).

The Bharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS), India's planned space station, is proposed to orbit at what approximate altitude above the Earth's surface?

The Bharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS) is planned to be assembled in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at an altitude of approximately 400 km. This altitude is similar to the International Space Station (ISS), balancing drag with radiation protection.

Where will India's Aditya-L1 mission be placed?

Aditya-L1 is placed in a halo orbit around the Lagrange Point 1 (L1) of the Sun-Earth system, about 1.5 million km from Earth. This location allows continuous viewing of the Sun without any occultation or eclipses.

Which Indian satellite provides high-resolution images for monitoring agriculture, forestry, and coastal resources?

Cartosat-3 is a third-generation Earth observation satellite with very high resolution (25 cm). It is used mainly for urban planning, rural resource and infrastructure development, and coastal land use.

Fill in the blank: The Gaganyaan mission is a ____-day mission that aims to send astronauts into space.

The planned Gaganyaan mission involves sending a crew of three astronauts to an orbit of 400 km for a 3-day mission. The crew module is designed to accommodate three members, and the mission aims to demonstrate safe human spaceflight and return.

Which mission by ISRO aims to explore Venus and study its atmosphere?

Shukrayaan-1 is ISRO's proposed orbiter mission to Venus (Shukra). Its primary scientific objective is to study the surface and subsurface of Venus, its stratospheric chemistry, and the interaction of the solar wind with the Venusian ionosphere.

Which recent ISRO mission aims to explore the Sun-Earth Lagrange Point (L1)?

Aditya-L1 is the dedicated mission. By parking at L1, the satellite stays in a fixed position relative to the Sun and Earth, allowing uninterrupted observation of solar activities like solar flares and CMEs that impact Earth's weather.

What is the primary objective of India's Aditya-L1 mission?

The main goal of Aditya-L1 is to observe the Sun's photosphere, chromosphere, and the outermost layer (corona). It carries seven payloads to measure plasma, magnetic fields, and particle flux, helping solve mysteries like the coronal heating problem.

What is the name of India's reusable launch vehicle currently being developed by ISRO?

RLV-TD (Reusable Launch Vehicle-Technology Demonstrator) is ISRO's winged experimental vehicle. It is a flying testbed to evaluate technologies like hypersonic flight, autonomous landing, and powered cruise flight, eventually leading to a Two-Stage-to-Orbit (TSTO) reusable vehicle.

What is the name of India's space observatory that was launched to study celestial phenomena such as black holes?

AstroSat is India's first dedicated multi-wavelength space observatory, launched in 2015. It enables the simultaneous study of cosmic sources in X-ray, optical, and UV spectral bands. It studies star birth regions, black holes, and neutron stars.

One of the key objectives of India's Venus Orbiter Mission (VOM) is to study the ____ and surface topography of Venus.

The Venus Orbiter Mission (Shukrayaan) will focus on studying the atmospheric chemistry, dynamics, and composition. Specifically, studying 'airglow' helps understand the upper atmosphere, and mapping the surface topography helps understand the planet's geology beneath thick clouds.

Which technology is increasingly being used for real-time Air Quality Index (AQI) monitoring in urban areas?

Remote Sensing via Earth observation satellites (like Sentinel, INSAT) provides large-scale data on pollutants like aerosol optical depth (AOD), PM2.5, and NO2. This satellite data complements ground sensors to give a comprehensive real-time AQI map.

How does India's space technology contribute to national development goals such as disaster management and agriculture?

ISRO's application-driven satellites (Resourcesat, Cartosat, INSAT) provide vital data for crop yield estimation, groundwater detection, cyclone tracking, and flood mapping. This integration of space assets directly supports the economy and safety of the population.

Which Indian biotechnology company developed the first indigenous mRNA vaccine for COVID-19, with support from DBT and BIRAC?

Gennova Biopharmaceuticals (Pune) developed 'GEMCOVAC-19', India's first mRNA vaccine. Unlike Pfizer/Moderna, it was designed to be stored at standard refrigerator temperatures (2-8°C), making it suitable for India's supply chain.

Identify the incorrect match of satellite type and application:

Navigation satellites (like GPS, NavIC) are used for position, velocity, and timing (PVT). Forest fire monitoring is a function of Remote Sensing (Earth Observation) satellites that detect thermal anomalies. Therefore, option C is the incorrect match.

The Mars Orbiter Mission of India was launched in ____.

The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also known as Mangalyaan, was launched on $5 November 2013 by the PSLV-C25 rocket. It successfully entered Mars orbit on 24 September 2014, making India the first Asian nation to reach Mars and the first in the world to do so on its maiden attempt. [Image of Mangalyaan satellite].

Which of the following statement is correct regarding Chandrayaan-1 mission?

Chandrayaan-1 (launched 2008) was indeed India's first mission to the Moon. Its greatest achievement was the discovery of water molecules (hydroxyl/water ice) on the lunar surface, specifically confirmed by the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) payload supplied by NASA.

India started working in space research with the launch of a meteorological rocket in which year?

India's space age began with the launch of the first sounding rocket, a US-made Nike-Apache, from Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station (TERLS) in Kerala on 21 November 1963. This marked the humble beginning of the Indian space program.

The Satish Dhawan Space Centre is located in ____.

The Satish Dhawan Space Centre (SDSC) SHAR is the primary spaceport of India, located in Srthartkota, Andhra Pradesh. It has two operational launch pads for launching rockets like PSLV, GSLV, and LVM3. It was renamed in 2002 to honor former ISRO chairman Satish Dhawan.

Which of the following is the India's first interplanetary mission?

Mangalyaan (Mars Orbiter Mission) was India's first venture into interplanetary space (traveling between planets). Chandrayaan-1 was a lunar mission (Earth's satellite, not another planet). Mangalyaan's success demonstrated India's capability to navigate deep space.

In the context of Indian satellite launch vehicle, what does "G" stands for in GSLV?

GSLV stands for Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle. It is a heavy-lift rocket capable of placing satellites into Geosynchronous Transfer Orbit (GTO). It features a cryogenic upper stage, which provides the necessary thrust for heavier payloads compared to the PSLV.

The International Space Station was launched in ____.

The first segment of the International Space Station (ISS), the Russian Zarya control module, was launched into orbit on November 20, 1998. The ISS is a collaborative multinational project involving NASA, Roscosmos, JAXA, ESA, and CSA. It serves as a microgravity and space environment research laboratory.

The International Space Station travels from west to east on an orbital inclination of ____ degrees.

The International Space Station (ISS) maintains a Low Earth Orbit with an orbital inclination of exactly 51.6 degrees to Earth's equator. This specific angle was strategically chosen because it allows the station to fly over the majority of the populated Earth, making it accessible for launches from both US facilities in Florida and Russian facilities in Baikonur without requiring unsafe launch trajectories.

The International Space Station orbits the Earth approximately ____ times a day.

The International Space Station (ISS) maintains a low Earth orbit, traveling at an astonishing speed of roughly 28,000 km/h (17,500 mph). Consequently, it completes one full orbit around Earth every 90 minutes. This translates to experiencing a sunrise or sunset every 45 minutes and orbiting the Earth approximately 16 times (precisely 15.5 times) in a single 24-hour solar day.

In the context of Chandrayaan-III mission, the SHAPE payload was used to

Aboard the Chandrayaan-3 Propulsion Module, the SHAPE (Spectro-polarimetry of HAbitable Planet Earth) payload was uniquely designed to continuously study Earth's spectral and polarimetric properties from the lunar orbit. Its goal is to create a signature of a habitable planet to help discover similar exoplanets in the future.

The International Space Station is a large space station in low Earth orbit at about ____ km from the Earth's surface.

The International Space Station (ISS) orbits Earth in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at an altitude of approximately 400 km (ranging between 370-460 km).

The Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KSO), which completed 125 years in 2024, is located in which Indian state?

The Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KSO), actively operated by the prestigious Indian Institute of Astrophysics, is a historic astronomical facility beautifully situated in the Palani Hills of Tamil Nadu. Initially established in 1899, it officially celebrated its momentous 125th anniversary in 2024.

The North-Eastern Space Applications Centre is in which of the following state?

The North-Eastern Space Applications Centre (NESAC) is a highly specialized joint initiative established comprehensively by the Department of Space (DOS) and the North Eastern Council (NEC). It is strategically situated in Umiam, a locality near the capital city of Shillong in the state of Meghalaya.

Who was the first Indian astronaut to travel into space?

Wing Commander Rakesh Sharma made absolute, glorious national history on April 3, 1984, as the very first Indian citizen to successfully travel into outer space. He flew aboard. the Soviet Union's Soyuz T-11 spacecraft, representing the Indian Air Force as part of the joint Interkosmos program.

The U R Rao Satellite Centre is in ____.

The U R Rao Satellite Centre (URSC), formerly and famously known as the ISRO Satellite Centre (ISAC), is India's premier organization strictly dedicated to the design, development, and realization of communication, navigation, and scientific satellites.

When was Radio broadcasting started in India by the Radio Club Bombay?

The fascinating history of broadcasting in India officially commenced in the year 1923 when the pioneering Radio Club of Bombay successfully initiated the country's very first radio broadcasts. This private venture brilliantly laid the crucial technological foundation before the government eventually took complete control and formed the centralized All India Radio (AIR) in 1936.

In the context of Chandrayaan-III mission, the ILSA payload was used to

Onboard the Chandrayaan-3's Vikram Lander, the Instrument for Lunar Seismic Activity (ILSA) payload was strictly designed to accurately measure and monitor micro-seismicity (moonquakes) around the lunar landing site, helping map the Moon's interior structure.

"Vikram-S" India's first ever private launch vehicle has been developed by :

"Vikram-S" holds the monumental record of being India's very first privately developed launch vehicle (rocket). It was ingeniously designed and developed by the Hyderabad-based space startup Skyroot Aerospace. It was successfully launched on November 18, 2022, under the historic 'Mission Prarambh', directly marking a bold new era for India's heavily expanding private space sector.

The Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) coverage area includes India and a region up to ____ km beyond the Indian boundary.

NavIC (Navigation with Indian Constellation) is India's highly independent, indigenous regional satellite navigation system, heavily designed by ISRO to provide exceptionally accurate real-time positioning and timing services.

The Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology was founded in which of the following year?

The highly prestigious Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology (IIST) was officially established in the year 2007 in Thiravananthapuram, Kerala.

In which of the following year, the Department of Space was established in India?

The Department of Space (DoS) was officially and decisively established by the Government of India precisely in the year 1972. This highly crucial government department is directly responsible for actively administering the heavily advanced Indian space program and strictly operates under the direct command of the Prime Minister of India.

Which of the following was the first American astronaut, who set foot on moon?

Neil Armstrong, the legendary American astronaut and brave commander of the historic Apollo 11 mission, became the very first human being to ever set foot on the lunar surface on July 20, 1969. His famous, immortalized words were, "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind." Yuri Gagarin was a pioneering Soviet cosmonaut and the first human in space, but he never landed on the Moon.

The first gamma-ray observatory "Cos-B" was launched in ____.

Cos-B was a groundbreaking, highly pioneering space mission operated by the European Space Agency (ESA). It was successfully launched into space in August 1975. As the very first satellite specifically completely dedicated to studying extraterrestrial gamma-ray sources, it profoundly revolutionized modern astrophysics by successfully mapping the Milky Way's gamma-ray emissions.

India's first success in launching a satellite using an indigenous vehicle came in ____.

India officially achieved its historic, monumental first success in launching a satellite into orbit strictly using an indigenous launch vehicle on July 18, 1980. The Satellite Launch Vehicle-3 (SLV-3), brilliantly developed under the visionary leadership of Dr. A.PJ. Abdul Kalam, successfully deployed the Rohini (RS-1) satellite, firmly making India an exclusive member of the space-faring nations' club.

Which is the first nuclear power plant to be operational in India?

The Tarapur Atomic Power Station (TAPS), strategically located in Palghar, Maharashtra, holds the monumental historical distinction of being the very first commercial nuclear power plant to become fully operational in India. Built with critical technological assistance from the United States, it officially began massive commercial operations in the year 1969.

GSAT-18, built by ISRO, aims at providing which type of services for the country?

GSAT-18 is an incredibly advanced and massive Indian communications satellite brilliantly built by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO). It was successfully launched into space in 2016 precisely to powerfully bolster and expand the nation's critical telecommunications services.

Which of the following space mission of India was credited for reviving interest about presence of water on Moon?

India's historic first deep-space lunar probe, Chandrayaan-1 (launched brilliantly by ISRO in 2008), is globally and universally credited with the groundbreaking discovery that massively revived international scientific interest in the Moon.

Which of the following statement is correct regarding Satellite?

Statement I is absolutely scientifically correct. Any complex, man-made machine or object strategically built and launched into orbit by humans around the Earth or any other celestial body to gather critical data or provide communication is explicitly called an 'artificial satellite' (like Aryabhata or INSAT).

What is the lift-off mass of ISRO's GSLV Mk II?

The Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark II (GSLV Mk ID), an incredibly powerful, three-stage medium-lift launch vehicle brilliantly designed and fully operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), prominently features a highly advanced indigenous cryogenic upper stage.

The Vikram lander and Pragyan rover are associated with ____.

The highly advanced 'Vikram' lander and the robotic 'Pragyan' rover are the iconic, heavily celebrated core components of ISRO's historically successful Chandrayaan-3 lunar mission (launched in 2023). This monumental mission achieved an unprecedented, flawless soft landing aggressively near the uncharted lunar South Pole, firmly making India the very first country to achieve this massive feat.

Which of the following is the India's first ever anti-satellite missile test?

'Mission Shakti' was an incredibly historic, highly classified, and monumentally successful strategic military operation executed flawlessly by the DRDO and ISRO on March 27, 2019. It represented India's very first successful test of an advanced Anti-Satellite (ASAT) weapon, where a kinetic kill vehicle aggressively destroyed a live Indian target satellite accurately positioned in Low Earth Orbit (LEO).

In the context of next-generation wireless communication, which characteristic of Li-Fi technology distinguishes it from traditional Wi-Fi and creates both opportunities and limitations for its deployment in India's digital ecosystem?

Light Fidelity (Li-Fi) is an advanced, bidirectional wireless communication technology that uses the visible light, ultraviolet, and near-infrared spectrum to transmit data at incredibly high speeds (much faster than Wi-Fi). However, because light cannot penetrate solid opaque walls, Li-Fi is strictly limited to line-of-sight environments, functioning only within a single room or illuminated area.

The PARAS Telescope, developed by the Physical Research Laboratory (PRL) is located at which of the following places?

The PARAS (PRL Advanced Radial-velocity Abu-sky Search) telescope is an indigenous high-resolution spectrograph developed by the Physical Research Laboratory. Located at the Mount Abu Infrared Observatory in Rajasthan, it is specifically designed to detect exoplanets around distant stars by measuring precise radial velocity shifts, marking a major milestone for Indian astronomy.

The scientist who was the first Director of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research was:

The incredibly prestigious Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR) was founded in 1945 under the visionary leadership of Dr. Homi Jehangir Bhabha, who rightfully served as its absolute first Director.

What cannot be added to the Quick Access Toolbar (QAT) in MS Office?

In Microsoft Office applications (like Word or Excel), the Quick Access Toolbar (QAT) is designed to hold frequently used executable commands like 'Save', 'Undo', 'Redo', and 'Print'. However, 'Line Spacing' is a formatting option comprising a sub-menu or gallery of choices (like 1.0, 1.5, 2.0), rather than a singular one-click command.

What is not a characteristic of a phishing email?

Phishing emails are malicious cyber-attacks designed to steal sensitive data by creating a false sense of urgency (demand for immediate action), using spoofed or mismatched sender addresses, and containing deceptive links seeking passwords or OTPs.

Fill in the blank: The PSLV is mainly used to place satellites in ____ orbits.

The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) is ISRO's highly reliable third-generation launch vehicle, specifically designed and primarily used to place Earth-observation and remote-sensing satellites into Sun-Synchronous Polar Orbits (typically at an altitude of 600-900 km).

How often does the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) update its Prohibited List to include new performance-enhancing substances and ensure fairness in sports?

The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) assumes the critical global responsibility of maintaining drug-free sports. To combat the constant emergence of new, undetectable performance-enhancing drugs, WADA strictly and comprehensively updates its global 'Prohibited List' every single year.

Which was the first artificial satellite to orbit Earth, marking the beginning of the space age in 1957?

'Sputnik 1' made monumental global history on October 4, 1957, when it was successfully launched by the Soviet Union, becoming the very first artificial satellite to enter Earth's orbit. This spectacular feat directly triggered the intense Space Race between the USA and the USSR. Explorer 1 was the first US satellite launched later in 1958.

Which scientist proposed the Indian Calendar Reform Committee report, aiming to standardize Indian calendars and align them with scientific observations of solar and lunar cycles?

The Calendar Reform Committee was constituted in 1952 by the Government of India under the distinguished chairmanship of the eminent astrophysicist Dr. Meghnad Saha (famous for the Saha ionization equation). The committee's monumental task was to resolve the massive discrepancies among the 30+ regional calendars used in India.

Who was the first Indian scientist to launch India's space program?

Dr. Vikram Sarabhai is universally acknowledged as the "Father of the Indian Space Program." He was instrumental in establishing the Indian National Committee for Space Research (INCOSPAR) in 1962, which later evolved into ISRO. His vision recognized the immense potential of space technology for national development.

Who is known as the "Agni Putri" for her contributions to the Agni missile program?

Dr. Tessy Thomas, an eminent Indian scientist at DRDO, is universally celebrated as the "Missile Woman of India" or "Agni Putri." She earned this title for her pivotal role as the Project Director for the Agni-IV and Agni-V ballistic missile systems.

What is the primary purpose of ISRO's CMS-03 satellite?

The incredibly advanced, highly sophisticated, and strategically crucial CMS (Communication Satellite) series is aggressively designed, meticulously built, and successfully launched by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

Which option accurately describes the imaging payload used in the NISAR mission?

The phenomenally ambitious, incredibly massive, and historically groundbreaking NISAR (NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar) mission is a highly prestigious, multi-billion-dollar joint space exploration project incredibly collaboratively executed by the United States (NASA) and India (ISRO).

The Pravasi Bharatiya Divas marks which Indian leader's return from South Africa?

Pravasi Bharatiya Divas (PBD) is celebrated on 9 January to mark the contribution of the overseas Indian community to India's development. The date commemorates Mahatma Gandhi's return from South Africa to Mumbai on 9 January 1915.

National Women's Day in India is being celebrated on 13th February in honor of which prominent woman's legacy?

National Women's Day in India is celebrated on February 13th every year to commemorate the birth anniversary of Sarojini Naidu, popularly known as the 'Nightingale of India' (Bharat Kokila). It is distinct from International Women's Day (March 8).

On October 31, India celebrates which day to mark the birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel?

India celebrates National Unity (Rashtriya Ekta Diwas) on October 31st to honor the birth anniversary of Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the 'Iron Man of India'. Introduced by the government in 2014, this day pays tribute to Patel's monumental role in the political integration of India.

In India, 'National Science Day' is celebrated on February 28 to mark the achievement of which scientist?

National Science Day is celebrated across India on February 28 to commemorate the discovery of the Raman Effect by the eminent Indian physicist Sir C.V. Raman on this day in 1928. The Raman Effect describes the scattering of light when it passes through a transparent material, leading to a change in its wavelength.

Who launched the National Digital Library of India in 2018?

The National Digital Library of India (NDLI) was launched on June 19, 2018, by Prakash Javadekar, who was the Union Minister for Human Resource Development (now Ministry of Education) at the time. The NDLI is a project under the National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT) and is developed by IIT Kharagpur.

Which of the following pairs is incorrectly matched?

The incorrect pair is Swadesh Darshan - Ministry of Culture. The Swadesh Darshan Scheme is a Central Sector Scheme launched by the Ministry of Tourism in 2014-15 for the integrated development of theme-based tourist circuits (e.g., Ramayana Circuit, Buddhist Circuit).

The National Youth Policy in India was launched in February ____.

The National Youth Policy (NYP-2014) was launched in February 2014 by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, replacing the earlier policy of 2003. The policy defines 'youth' as persons in the age group of 15-29 years. Its vision is to empower the youth of the country to achieve their full potential and enable them to contribute to the nation's development.

The Code on Social Security extends social security to ____.

The Code on Social Security, 2020 is a significant labor reform that aims to extend social security benefits to employees in both the organised and unorganised sectors. This includes gig workers, platform workers (like delivery partners), and interstate migrant workers, who were previously largely excluded from such nets.

Mission Parivar Vikas was initially launched in ____ high focus states.

Mission Parivar Vikas was launched by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare in 2016 for 7 high-focus states: Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Assam. These states had a Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of 3.0 or above.

The National Space Day of India is celebrated every year on August 23 to commemorate the ____.

India officially observes August 23 as National Space Day to actively commemorate the monumental success of the Chandrayaan-3 mission. On this exact historic date in 2023, the ISRO-designed Vikram lander successfully executed a flawless soft-landing near the uncharted southern pole of the Moon.

The Atal Pension Yojana was launched in ____.

The Atal Pension Yojana (APY) is a massive, highly successful government-backed pension scheme in India explicitly aimed at providing robust, guaranteed social security primarily to workers belonging to the unorganized sector. It was officially and grandly launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on May 9, 2015, replacing the earlier Swavalamban scheme.

National Sports Day in India commemorates which sports legend?

National Sports Day in India is celebrated annually on the 29th of August to honor the birth anniversary of Major Dhyan Chand, the legendary Indian field hockey player who won three Olympic gold medals (1928, 1932, 1936) and is universally regarded as "The Wizard of hockey.

The Fit India Movement, promoting fitness and sports culture, was launched in which year?

The Fit India Movement was launched by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on August 29, 2019, which is celebrated as National Sports Day in India to mark the birth anniversary of Major Dhyan Chand. The nationwide campaign encourages citizens to incorporate physical activity and sports into their daily lives.

The National Sports Day in India is celebrated on which date?

National Sports Day in India is celebrated annually with immense enthusiasm on August 29th. This highly significant date was officially chosen to permanently honor the birth anniversary of Major Dhyan Chand, the legendary Indian hockey wizard who miraculously led India to three consecutive Olympic gold medals in 1928, 1932, and 1936.

The themes for World Ozone Day consistently highlight the success and future potential of which specific international treaty that governs the phase-out of ozone-depleting substances?

World Ozone Day, celebrated globally every September 16th, fundamentally commemorates the historic 1987 signing of the "Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer." This incredibly vital, universally ratified international treaty is unequivocally hailed as the single most successful environmental agreement in human history, specifically dictating the mandatory global phase-out of highly destructive, ozone-depleting chemicals like Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) to effectively heal the Earth's protective atmospheric shield.

Which scheme was launched to provide health insurance coverage of up to 5 lakh per family per year for economically weaker sections?

Ayushman Bharat - PMJAY is the world's largest government-funded healthcare program, designed to provide a health cover of Rs. 5 lakhs per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalization to vulnerable families. Option (a) is correct.

How is the financial assistance under the PM-KISAN Scheme transferred to farmers?

Under the Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) scheme, the Government of India provides income support of ₹6,000 per year in three equal installments. This financial assistance is deposited directly into the Aadhaar-seeded bank accounts of the beneficiary farmers through the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) mode to ensure transparency and eliminate middlemen.

Which scheme aims to provide Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) connections to women from Below Poverty Line households?

The Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) is a flagship scheme of the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas, launched in 2016, that provides LPG connections to women from Below Poverty Line households.

What is the main purpose of the NIRBHAYA Fund?

After the 2012 Delhi gang-rape case, the Government of India set up the non-lapsable Nirbhaya Fund to finance projects for women's safety and empowerment, such as one-stop crisis centres and forensic labs.

The "International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer" (World Ozone Day) is observed annually on which date to commemorate the signing of the Montreal Protocol?

The United Nations officially designated September 16th as the International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer. This highly specific date was chosen to eternally commemorate the signing of the landmark Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer in 1987.

Medha Patkar led a movement to protest against a large dam's construction. What was the name of the movement?

Medha Patkar is a founding member of the Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA), a movement of adivasis, farmers, environmentalists and human rights activists against the large dams on the Narmada River, particularly the Sardar Sarovar Dam in Gujarat.

Which Indian company is managing the operations of Chabahar Port?

Indian Ports Global Limited (IPGL), a wholly-owned subsidiary of Sagarmala Development Company Limited under the Ministry of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, manages the operations of the Shahid Beheshti Terminal at Chabahar Port in Iran.

What is the main focus of the Happiness Index?

The World Happiness Report/Index focuses on measuring collective happiness and wellbeing by evaluating factors like GDP per capita, social support, healthy life expectancy, freedom to make life choices, generosity, and perceptions of corruption.

Sarojini Naidu is also known by which title?

Sarojini Naidu was given the title "Nightingale of India" (Bharat Kokila) by Mahatma Gandhi on account of the color, imagery, and lyrical quality of her poetry. She was a prolific poet, a freedom fighter, and the first Indian woman to become the President of the Indian National Congress.

Name the state known as the 'Land of White Elephants' according to a legend in the Mahabharata.

According to local legends and references linked to the Mahabharata period, the ancient Kingdom of Tripura (Kirat Desh) was described as the home of white elephants. While Thailand is globally known as the Land of White Elephants, in the context of Indian states and ancient texts, Tripura holds this distinction.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi paid tribute to Thiru K. Kamaraj on his birth anniversary. He is remembered for his contributions to which of the following areas?

K. Kamaraj, known as the "Kingmaker," is remembered for his significant role in India's freedom struggle and his tenure as the Chief Minister of Madras (Tamil Nadu). He introduced the Mid-day Meal scheme and focused heavily on social welfare, education, and irrigation projects.

'Abhanga Vanis' are folk songs of which state?

Abhangas (Abhanga Vanis) are a form of devotional poetry sung in praise of the Hindu god Vithoba, also known as Vitthal. This tradition is deeply rooted in the culture of Maharashtra and is associated with saints like Tukaram, Dnyaneshwar, and Namdev.

'Mangal' folk songs are traditional to which Indian state?

'Mangal' songs (Mangal Geet) are traditional folk songs sung during auspicious occasions, particularly weddings, in the state of Uttarakhand. They are performed to invoke blessings for the newlywed couple and are an integral part of the region's cultural rituals.

Who among the following is the first female auto-rickshaw driver in India?

Shila Dawre became India's first female auto-rickshaw driver in 1988 in the city of Pune. Defying male-dominated societal norms, she inspired many women to take up driving as a profession. Her name is recorded in the Limca Book of Records.

'Bhopa', a form of folk music, is traditional to which Indian state?

The Bhopas are priest-singers of folk deities in Rajasthan. They perform in front of a Phad (a scroll painting of the deity), narrating the deity's epic while playing instruments like the Ravanahatha.

Narayanrao Rajhauns, also known as Bal Gandharava, was a celebrated exponent of which state's musical tradition?

Bal Gandharva was a legendary figure in Marathi theatre and classical music, hailing from Maharashtra. He was famous for his roles as female characters in Natya Sangeet (musical dramas) and revolutionized the performing arts in the state during the early 20th century.

Srinivasa Ramanujan, the mathematical genius, passed away on April 26, 1920, at about what age?

Srinivasa Ramanujan was born on December 22, 1887, and passed away on April 26, 1920. He died at the young age of 32. Despite his short life, he made substantial contributions to mathematical analysis, number theory, infinite series, and continued fractions.

'Adhratiya' is a traditional folk song of which Indian state?

'Adhratiya' refers to songs sung at midnight. It is a traditional form of folk music practiced primarily in the Bihar and Jharkhand regions, often during special occasions or festivals, reflecting the local dialects and cultural nuances of the area.

Who among the following is the first Indian woman mountaineer to climb Mount Everest?

Bachendri Pal became the first Indian woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest on May 23, 1984. She achieved this feat as part of the fourth expedition called "Everest '84". She is a recipient of the Padma Bhushan and Padma Shri awards.

Who was India's first female IPS officer?

Kiran Bedi became the first woman in India to join the Indian Police Service (IPS) in 1972. She served in various capacities including as the Director General at the Bureau of Police Research and Development and later as the Lieutenant Governor of Puducherry.

The first Indian meteorological rocket launched in 1963 had a diameter of ____ mm.

The first rocket launched from India (Thumba) in 1963 was the US-made Nike-Apache. The first indigenously developed Indian rocket was the Rohini-75 (RH-75), launched in 1967; the "75" in its name is its diameter in millimetres.

Who was the first female Jawan in the Indian Army?

Shanti Tigga was the first female Jawan (Personnel Below Officer Rank) in the Indian Army. She joined the Territorial Army in 2011.

The word popularly used for drama in Chhattisgarh is ____.

Gammat (or Gammt) is a popular folk theatre form performed in Chhattisgarh. It is a humorous play that often deals with social issues using satire and wit. It is performed during festivals and fairs, similar to the Nautanki of Uttar Pradesh.

Which of the following terms is related to Yoga? (I. Agnisara, II. Kapalbhati)

Both terms are related to Yoga. Kapalbhati is a Shatkriya (cleansing technique) and Pranayama focused on forceful exhalation. Agnisara is a Kriya that involves manipulating the abdominal muscles to stimulate the digestive fire (Agni).

Surya Namaskar term is related to which of the following?

Surya Namaskar, or Sun Salutation, is a sequence of 12 powerful yoga poses used to salute the Sun. It is a cardiovascular workout that stretches and strengthens the whole body and is a fundamental part of modern Yoga practice.

Who among the following was the first Indian female doctor of western medicine?

Anandibai Gopalrao Joshi is widely recognised as the first Indian female physician of western medicine. She graduated from the Woman's Medical College of Pennsylvania (USA) in 1886. Kadambini Ganguly also graduated the same year, but Anandibai is usually cited first.

The main temple of Shri Jagannath, built in Kalinga architecture, has a height of about ____ metres on an elevated platform.

The main temple of Jagannath in Puri, Odisha, is a prime example of Kalinga architecture. The main shikhara (curvilinear tower) rises to a height of approximately 65 meters (214 feet) above the inner sanctum. It was built by King Anantavarman Chodaganga in the 12th century.

Which of the following statement is correct regarding thumri?

Both statements are absolutely correct. Thumri is a prominent semi-classical vocal form originating from Uttar Pradesh, tightly associated with the Kathak dance and the Bhakti movement. It focuses heavily on romantic and devotional themes (especially the love between Radha and Krishna), making the emotional expression and the poetic beauty of the lyrics (textual beauty) just as important as the melody itself.

'Sanjha', a melodious folk song usually sung by young girls in groups, is associated with which Indian state?

Sanjha is a deeply traditional and melodious folk song form associated with the Malwa region of Madhya Pradesh. It is primarily sung by young, unmarried girls during a 16-day period (Pitru Paksha) in September/October, dedicated to the worship of the Sanjha Mata to seek good husbands.

As of July 2025, which of the following is NOT a classical language?

As of July 2025, India recognises 11 classical languages: Tamil, Sanskrit, Telugu, Kannada, Malayalam, Odia, Marathi, Pali, Prakrit, Assamese and Bengali. Hindi is not a classical language.

Who was India's first female Merchant Navy Captain?

Captain Radhika Menon famously made history in 2012 by officially becoming the very first female captain of the Indian Merchant Navy, bravely commanding the oil products tanker Suvarna Swarajya. In 2016, she also became the first woman globally to receive the prestigious IMO Award for Exceptional Bravery at Sea.

The sad plays and songs popular in 19th-century Bihar's Bhojpur region are known as ____.

'Biraha' is a highly emotional and profoundly traditional form of folk music that originated directly in the Bhojpur region of Bihar and eastern Uttar Pradesh during the 19th century. These intensely sad songs uniquely express the deep sorrow, painful separation, and yearning of village women whose husbands heavily migrated to distant cities in search of difficult labor.

Elphinstone College is located in which of the following cities?

Established way back in 1834, Elphinstone College is one of the most prestigious, historically significant, and heavily renowned institutions for higher education securely located in the sprawling metropolis of Mumbai (formerly Bombay), Maharashtra.

'Pankhida', sung by peasants while working in the fields, is a traditional song of which Indian state?

'Pankhida', which literally translates to "lover" or "bird" in regional dialects, is an intensely melodious and highly traditional folk song strictly belonging to the vibrant state of Rajasthan.

The Urali language is spoken mainly in ____.

The Urali language is a highly specific, lesser-known indigenous language strictly belonging to the Dravidian language family. It is predominantly spoken by the Urali tribal community, whose members aggressively inhabit the dense, remote hilly regions of Southern India, particularly concentrated within the border districts of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.

The first linguistic survey of Indian languages was launched in ____.

The highly monumental and profoundly comprehensive First Linguistic Survey of India was officially and ambitiously launched in the year 1894. It was conducted under the brilliant, meticulous direction of the renowned Irish civil servant and linguistic scholar Sir George Abraham Grierson.

Which of the following statement is correct regarding Toda language?

Both statements provided are completely factually correct. Toda is indeed a severely endangered tribal language actively spoken natively by the tiny, isolated Toda pastoral community, who deeply reside strictly in the Nilgiri Hills of Tamil Nadu.

Ima Keithel (known as mother's market) is in ____.

'Ima Keithel', which literally and beautifully translates to "Mother's Market," is an incredibly unique, highly historic, and massive commercial trading center prominently located right in the heart of Imphal, the capital city of Manipur.

'Bhawaiya' folk songs, sung solo or in chorus, are traditionally associated with which Indian state?

'Bhawaiya' is a deeply emotional, extremely popular, and traditional musical folk song genre intrinsically associated with the northern districts of West Bengal (like Cooch Behar and Jalpaiguri) and parts of lower Assam. These soulful songs primarily express the intense pangs of separation, the deep longing of women for their working husbands, and the struggles of ordinary working-class drivers (mahouts and cart drivers).

'Bihu-geet', a popular form of folk music, belongs to which Indian state?

'Bihu-geet' represents the highly vibrant, rhythmic, and immensely popular traditional folk music of the northeastern state of Assam. These joyous songs are an absolutely integral core of the massive Bihu festival, which exuberantly celebrates the harvest season, the arrival of spring, and deep cultural fertility.

'Neuleu' songs are performed with music in which Indian state?

'Neuleu' represents a highly significant, deeply traditional, and incredibly rhythmic folk music genre that is exclusively native to the indigenous tribal communities residing in the northeastern state of Nagaland.

Who among the following was known as "Birdman of India"?

Dr. Salim Moizuddin Abdul Ali, a world-renowned and pioneering Indian ornithologist and highly passionate naturalist, is globally and affectionately referred to as the "Birdman of India." He was the very first scientist to conduct incredibly systematic and comprehensive bird surveys across the entire Indian subcontinent, extensively popularizing ornithology.

Which revolutionary Indian artist, once called the 'Picasso of India', faced controversy for his depictions of Hindu deities and lived in exile during his final years?

Maqbool Fida (M.F.) Husain was a legendary and highly celebrated modern Indian painter internationally renowned as the 'Picasso of India' for his vibrant, modified Cubist style. Despite his massive contributions to Indian art and cinema, he faced extreme backlash, protests, and numerous legal cases from right-wing groups over his controversial, unconventional depictions of Hindu goddesses.

Which of the following Indian painters is celebrated for his unique style inspired by the Kalighat Patachitra and Bengali folk art?

Jamini Roy was an incredibly influential Indian painter who famously broke away from the Western-influenced Bengal school of Art. He purposefully adopted a unique, simplified, and vibrant style drawing profound inspiration from the rural Kalighat Patachitra and traditional Bengali folk art to capture the true essence of Indian culture.

Mario de Miranda, known for his cartoons and sketches, hailed from which Indian state?

The legendary Padma Vibhushan awardee, Mario Joao Carlos do Rosario de Brito Miranda (Mario Miranda), was a renowned Indian cartoonist and illustrator. Hailing from Loutolim in Goa, his vibrant, bustling, and deeply iconic cartoon sketches brilliantly immortalized the rich socio-cultural essence, architecture, and everyday lifestyle of Goan society.

Which of the following statements about E. Sreedharan is factually correct?

Elattuvalapil Sreedharan is a legendary, globally acclaimed Indian civil engineer globally revered as the "Metro Man of India." Through his impeccable leadership, unparalleled project management skills, and strict discipline, he miraculously revolutionized India's massive urban public transport, single-handedly executing the incredibly complex Konkan Railway and Delhi Metro projects flawlessly.

Which Indian painter created the iconic 'Bharat Mata' artwork, portraying the nation as a goddess?

The iconic 'Bharat Mata' painting was masterfully created in 1905 by the celebrated Indian artist Abanindranath Tagore during the fervent Swadeshi movement. He beautifully depicted the nation as an ascetic goddess holding a book, sheaves of paddy, a piece of white cloth, and a garland, deeply inspiring profound nationalist sentiments across the country.

The painting "Bharat Mata", depicting a saffron-clad woman holding a book, sheaves, a mala, and a white cloth, was created by:

The iconic and deeply patriotic watercolor painting of "Bharat Mata" (Mother India) was masterfully created in 1905 by Abanindranath Tagore, the principal founder of the influential Bengal School of Art. Moving away from Western realism, he brilliantly depicted India as a divine, four-armed Hindu goddess wearing saffron robes.

The scientist popularly called the "Missile Man of India" for his leadership in India's missile programs and contributions to space and defense research is:

Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam, the highly revered 11th President of India, is universally and affectionately acclaimed as the "Missile Man of India." As an elite aerospace scientist at ISRO and DRDO, he was the visionary chief architect of the Integrated Guided Missile Development Programme (IGMDP).

The painting "Mahishasura," which blends mythology with expressionism, is the work of:

The colossal, incredibly powerful modern painting "Mahishasura" is an undisputed, globally recognized masterpiece created by the legendary Indian modernist Tyeb Mehta. Painted in his signature bold, geometric, and highly fragmented expressionist style, this striking artwork violently depicts the epic, eternal mythological struggle between the fierce Goddess Durga and the monstrous buffalo-demon Mahishasura.

The painting "Three Girls," considered a key early modernist work, was created by:

"Three Girls" (Group of Three Girls) is hailed as a masterpiece of early modern Indian art. It was painted in 1935 by the Indo-Hungarian artist Amrita Sher-Gil.

Who was India's first woman photojournalist, capturing historic moments of early independent India and breaking barriers in journalism and photography?

Homai Vyarawalla, known by her pseudonym "Dalda 13", was India's first woman photojournalist. She broke gender barriers in the 1930s and 40s and photographed historic moments of early independent India.

Who painted the iconic artwork Bharat Mata, symbolizing India as a divine mother and inspiring nationalist sentiments during India's freedom movement?

During the raging political turmoil of the 1905 Partition of Bengal, the visionary Indian artist Abanindranath Tagore (nephew of Rabindranath) brilliantly painted the iconic watercolor masterpiece, "Bharat Mata" (Mother India). Rejecting Western academic art, he highly spiritualized the nation, portraying India as an incredibly serene, four-armed Hindu goddess clad in saffron robes.

Which of the following is not a part of the 7 basic notes (Saptak) in Indian classical music?

The correct option is "None of the Above" because Sa (Shadja), Re (Rishabha), and Ga (Gandhara) are all fundamental parts of the seven basic notes (Saptak) in Indian classical music. The complete sequence is Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni.

The languages Tamil and Malayalam belong to which language family?

Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam are the four major languages belonging strictly to the Dravidian language family, primarily spoken in South India. Indo-Aryan languages (like Hindi, Bengali, and Marathi) belong to the Indo-European family and are spoken mostly in North India.

Which rasa out of the 9 rasas in Indian classical dance depicts 'disgust' or 'aversion'?

According to the Natya Shastra, 'Bibhatsa' is the specific Rasa (emotional essence) that explicitly portrays disgust, aversion, or profound dissatisfaction. The permanent emotion (Sthayi Bhava) associated with it is Jugupsa. 'Raudra' represents intense anger or fury.

Complete the series: A, A, B, F, ?

Multiply each letter's position by 1, 2, 3, 4 in turn: A(1)x1 = A(1), A(1)x2 = B(2), B(2)x3 = F(6), F(6)x4 = X(24). So the next term is X.

The painting "Engagement Ring" (1961) by Roy Lichtenstein was based on a comic panel from which strip?

Roy Lichtenstein was a tremendously influential American pop artist who famously appropriated mass-produced comic book imagery into high art. His iconic and emotionally charged 1961 pop-art painting titled "Engagement Ring" was directly inspired by and closely modeled after a specific sequential comic panel from the popular long-running American comic strip "Winnie Winkle", originally illustrated by Martin Branner.

Fill in the blank: ____ is the renowned Indian sculptor who created the "Statue of Unity".

Ram V. Sutar is the renowned Indian sculptor who designed the Statue of Unity, the world's tallest statue, a tribute to Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, the Iron Man of India.

"Dhrupad" is a style of singing in:

"Dhrupad" is universally recognized and deeply revered as the absolute oldest, incredibly majestic, and most profoundly spiritual surviving style of vocal performance strictly within the rich, ancient traditions of Hindustani classical music, which heavily dominates the northern regions of the Indian subcontinent.

In Indian art history, the "Bindu" motif became a signature element of the works of ____.

Sayed Haider Raza (S.H. Raza) was a celebrated modern Indian painter. The 'Bindu' (dot), a symbol of origin and energy, became the signature motif of his later work.

What is the basic unit of rhythm in Hindustani classical music?

In Indian classical music, 'Tala' signifies the rhythmic cycle or the fundamental unit of rhythm and time measure, essentially structured by a specific pattern of beats. 'Swara' strictly denotes a musical note (like Sa, Re, Ga). 'Raga' is a melodic framework or a specific arrangement of notes intended to evoke a particular mood.

Which famous Indian painter is renowned for his bold strokes and significant influence on modern Indian art, also referred to as the "Picasso of India"?

M.F. Husain (Maqbool Fida Husain) is celebrated as the "Picasso of India". He was a founding member of the Progressive Artists' Group of Bombay. Known for his bold, vibrantly colored narrative paintings in a modified Cubist style, he is a towering figure in modern Indian art.